Choosing the right type of wood is one of the most important decisions when building a new deck in the damp, often rainy climate of the UK. The weather conditions in Britain can take a major toll on wood decking over time. Selecting a durable wood type that can withstand substantial moisture and still look attractive for years to come requires careful consideration of several key factors. Beyond weather resistance, the ideal decking wood also depends on aesthetic preferences, maintenance requirements, and sustainability impact.
To ensure the best choice for your deck, consulting with Finetune Fencing Farnborough experts is advisable. These professionals specialize in providing guidance on selecting the most suitable decking wood that aligns with the specific requirements of the UK climate and your preferences.
Softwood vs. Hardwood for Decking
Softwood and hardwood each have their own inherent qualities that determine their performance and suitability for deck building.
Softwoods
like pine and redwood are typically less expensive and easier to work with than hardwoods. They weather well and hold up reasonably over time. However, they are generally less dense and durable than more premium tropical hardwoods.
Hardwoods
like ipe and garapa resist rot, insects, and weathering extremely well thanks to their dense structure and high oil content. But they also carry a higher price tag and often require pre-drilling before fastening.
When evaluating the optimal wood type, it is important to consider the climate and location of the deck to determine which option will perform best in your specific region of the UK. The level of maintenance you are prepared to invest in caring for your deck should also inform your decision.
Climate Considerations for the UK
The damp, temperate maritime climate that prevails across much of the UK can be quite hard on wood decking over an extended period. Frequent rain, moisture, and moderate sun exposure degrades most wood types relatively quickly compared to warmer, drier regions.
Choosing wood decking suitable for withstanding these conditions is key to minimizing costly repairs and frequent replacement. Some timber options are naturally more rot and insect resistant, although all woods require proper maintenance to prolong their lifespan.
Best Woods for Decking in England
In the cooler, frequently wet climate that exists across most of England, moisture-resistant woods with good durability perform best. Good options include:
Best Woods for Decking in Scotland & Northern England
The northernmost parts of the UK experience a decidedly cooler climate with even more precipitation. Hardy woods that hold up well to substantial moisture are best suited for decks in these regions. Top choices include:
- Pressure-treated pine
- Siberian larch
- Oak
- Jarrah
Best Woods for Decking in Southern England & Wales
Southern England and Wales benefit from slightly warmer average temperatures. This enables a broader range of wood species to be used successfully for deck builds. Good options for these areas include:
- Ipe
- Cumaru
- Redwood
- Teak
- Garapa
Pressure-Treated Wood Decking
Pressure treatment is a process that forces chemical preservatives deep into the wood cells under high pressure. This protection substantially prolongs the lifespan of typical softwoods like pine by helping resist rot, fungi, and insects.
The benefits of pressure-treated decking include:
- Enhanced durability – Lasts for decades with proper maintenance
- Affordability – Typically the most budget-friendly decking option
- Easy to find – Readily available at most lumber suppliers
When working with pressure-treated lumber, be sure to use compatible hardware and take safety precautions to avoid direct skin contact during construction.
Eco-Friendly & Sustainable Wood Decking Options
For those aiming to build an environmentally responsible deck, some wood types check the boxes for sustainability better than others. Seeking out FSC-certified lumber from responsible sources ensures your deck has met stringent criteria for responsible forest management.
FSC-Certified Wood
The Forest Stewardship Council sets clear standards for sustainable harvesting and replanting to protect forest ecosystems. FSC certification offers assurance that decking woods like cumaru and tigerwood come from responsible forestry practices.
Reclaimed Wood Decking
Using reclaimed lumber from old barns, buildings, wine barrels, or demolition salvage gives new life to materials that would otherwise end up in landfills. This eco-friendly decking option provides a unique, rustic look rich with character.
Composite Decking Alternatives
For a zero-maintenance, environmentally-friendly alternative to wood, composite decking offers incredible durability with no staining, sealing, or painting required. The recycled plastic and wood fiber materials are also highly sustainable. Brands like Trex are about 95% recycled.
Key Factors to Consider
Along with climate suitability and environmental impact, the ideal decking wood depends on several other considerations including cost, appearance, maintenance, and installation requirements.
- Cost – How much does the decking material cost upfront? Lifespan also affects long-term value.
- Appearance – Is a smooth, consistent appearance preferred or the rustic look of natural grain patterns?
- Maintenance – Staining, sealing, and cleaning needs affect upkeep time and costs.
- Workability – Softer woods are easier to cut, drill, and fasten than ultra-dense tropical hardwoods.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the Best Wood for Decking in the UK?
For a balance of climate resilience, longevity, and cost-effectiveness, pressure-treated pine is likely the best wood decking choice for most regions of the UK. It withstands moisture well and offers an affordable option that lasts for decades with proper care.
More durable and stable hardwoods like Ipe and Tigerwood also make excellent decking choices in the UK climate. But they carry significantly higher upfront costs that may not suit all budget ranges.
How Does Pressure Treatment Work?
Pressure treatment is a process that forces preservative chemicals like copper azole deep into the wood. The wood is placed inside a pressurized vessel and the treatment solutions are pumped in under high pressure, enabling deep penetration.
This protection guards against rot, fungi, and insects – enabling standard woods like pine to survive outdoors for 20-30 years or longer. Taking proper safety precautions while working with treated lumber is important.
Are Composite Materials a Good Decking Alternative?
For a no-maintenance, splinter-free decking option with excellent durability, composite is a great choice. The mix of recycled plastic and wood or bamboo fibers requires no staining, sealing, or refinishing over decades of use.
Brands like Trex offer fade and stain warranties of 25 years or longer on their composite decking. Upfront cost is comparable to premium tropical hardwoods.
How Long Does Wood Decking Last?
The lifespan of a wood deck depends heavily on the timber quality, climate, maintenance regimen, and installation methods used.
Typically, pressure-treated pine or cedar decking lasts 15-25 years on average in the UK. More durable tropical hardwoods like tigerwood, cumaru, and Ipe can survive 35 years or longer with proper care.
Regular maintenance is key – cleaning, sealing, and refinishing when needed prevents degradation and maximizes longevity across all wood species. Proper substructure and ventilation below deck also prevents premature rotting.
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